Exhibition

Welcome to the Middling Culture exhibition.

Here, we curate a series of images and items that capture the everyday lives of England's "middling" people—neither the very rich nor very poor—in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.

Our exhibition is divided into themes, which reflect the key areas that defined these individuals and their worlds. Each object emerges from our research and has links with some of the key case study communities at the heart of our project. Together, they mark out what distinguishes the "middling" from the aristocratic gentry or from the very poorest in society.

The "middle" was arguably the largest swathe of society in this period and the most socially mobile. We have therefore reflected in this exhibition the many different ways one might be in the "middle" of society (much like the contested notion of the "middle class" today), and you can find out more about these different social categories in our Status Calculator.

Each of our themes has a brief overview to introduce them and then a series of items with object descriptions. Click on one of the themes to discover more. You can also range between different or connected items.

A number of the objects here can also be found in our Shakespearean Memory Parlour: can you spot any connections?

Our themes are: Assets; Belief; Charity; Leisure; Literacy; Memory; Mobility; Occupation; and Reputation.

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Assets

In early modern England, property and possessions determined status, reputation, and creditworthiness among social statuses.

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Belief

Religion deeply influenced early modern life, shaping status, community roles, and household duties.

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Charity

In early modern England, charity signified moral and economic worth, enhancing donor prestige and welfare.

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Leisure

For the middling sort, leisure reinforced community ties, status, identity, and social opportunities.

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Literacy

Literacy defined middling identity, shaping careers, creativity, and social status in early modern England.

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Memory

Between 1560-1660, middling sorts used texts and objects for memory, identity, and emulation.

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Mobility

The middling sorts in early modern England influenced mobility, trade, and cultural exchange globally.

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Occupation

Middling households blended production and consumption, integrating workshops with domestic life for economic stability.

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Reputation

Reputation defined status and trustworthiness in early modern England's middling social status.

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